Introduction: Executive function refers to a set of higher-order cognitive processes critical for managing tasks in adulthood. Prior research has yielded mixed findings on executive function in young adults with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). However, few studies have explored its relationship with readiness for adulthood, particularly in Taiwan.
Objective: This study examines the association between executive function and readiness for adulthood among young adults with and without ASD in Taiwan.
Methods: This cross-sectional study recruited parents/caregivers of young adults aged 18–20, both with and without ASD. Participants completed (1) the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function-Adult (BRIEF-A) and (2) the Responsibility Domain of the Pediatric Evaluation of Disability Inventory-Computer Adaptive Test (PEDI-CAT), which measures readiness for adulthood. Additionally, parents of young adults with ASD completed the Social Communication Questionnaire-Lifetime to characterize ASD symptomatology. Linear regression analyses were conducted to examine the association between executive function (measured by the BRIEF-A Global Executive Composite), youth characteristics (age, sex, and ASD diagnosis), and readiness for adulthood (measured by the Responsibility Domain Scaled Score).
Results: A total of 40 parents/caregivers participated (ASD: n = 10; non-ASD: n = 30). The linear regression model indicated that executive function was significantly associated with readiness for adulthood, whereas young adults’ age, sex, and ASD diagnosis were not in the model [R² = .51, F(4, 35) = 9.09, p < 0.001].
Conclusion: This study highlights the role of executive function in the transition to adulthood among young adults with and without ASD in Taiwan.