Introduction/Rationale: Occupational balance is crucial for health and well-being. While the negative effects of occupational imbalance are well-documented and interventions have been developed, a comprehensive review is needed to support their effective integration into clinical practice and public health strategies.
Objectives: This study aims to systematically review and synthesize existing interventions designed to address occupational balance in adults across diverse settings, while evaluating their effectiveness.
Methods/Approach: A systematic literature search was carried out in PubMed, CINAHL, the Cochrane Library, and EMBASE, adhering to PRISMA guidelines. Peer-reviewed studies published between 2000 and 2024 that quantitatively examined interventions targeting occupational balance were included. The risk of bias was assessed using NHLBI quality assessment tools, and findings were synthesized narratively.
Results/Practice implications: Of 347 identified records, 18 studies were included, comprising randomized controlled trials, observational, and pre-post studies. Most participants had specific diagnoses, mainly mental health conditions. The review identified 12 interventions addressing occupational balance, summarizing their target groups, goals, and content. While six showed statistically significant improvements in occupational balance, overall effectiveness varied, with clinically relevant changes in drug craving, social isolation, and work ability.
Conclusion/Contribution to the occupational therapy profession: This review highlights effective interventions that enhance occupational balance, promoting health, well-being, and life satisfaction. Further research is needed to assess their impact across diverse populations and integrate them into non-clinical and public health settings. Expanding access through community-based services and digital solutions is key for broader implementation.