Introduction: The different ways of understanding autism that exist in contemporary times have reflected how Brazilian occupational therapists have developed their practices. Objective: The objective of the study was to characterize the professional profile of occupational therapists who work with autistic children and adolescents, considering their training and the working conditions to which they are subjected. Method: This is an excerpt from an exploratory doctoral research, with a quantitative approach, carried out with occupational therapists working in the State of São Paulo (Brazil). Data collection took place via Google Forms, from September to December 2023, and the data were analyzed based on descriptive statistics. Results: In total, 70 occupational therapists participated. When asked if, during their undergraduate studies, they had taken courses on the topic of autism, 52.9% answered “Yes”, while 47.1% of the participants answered “No”. Regarding continuing education, 95% of participants reported having taken some course aimed at children and adolescents with autism. Regarding working hours, most worked between 31 and 40 hours per week and 60% reported some illness due to working conditions. Of the 70 participants, 48 worked in private clinics. Conclusion: Occupational Therapy has gained centrality in the care of autistic children and adolescents in Brazil. Therefore, it is considered essential to investigate the work of occupational therapists with this population, aiming to identify existing limits and possibilities.