Introduction
Stroke rehabilitation increasingly utilizes occupations as a means like Motor Cognitive Integration (MCI) and Cognitive Orientation to daily Occupational Performance (CO-OP). However, severe paralysis patients with finger extension difficulties face limited opportunities for affected-hand activities, and effective interventions remain unestablished. Finger extension splints are complex and limit clinical introduction. A practical, clinically viable splint supporting finger extension and occupational performance is needed.
Objective
This study aimed to develop a 3D-printed splint(3DS) supporting finger extension, easily produced using a 3D printer, to facilitate occupational performance and promote recovery in severe paralysis patients.
Methods
The splint was developed through a literature review and prototype feedback. The review identified the need for an opposition structure involving the thumb, second, and third fingers. The design maximized palmar surface exposure for occupation-based intervention (OBI) exists. Using 3D modeling software (Fusion 360), the splint was printed with a household 3D printer (Ender-3 V3) by Thermoplastic Polyurethane (TPU).
Results
The finalized 3DS featured an arch structure with rings securing the thumb and second/third fingers. External force strength for finger extension was adjusted based on paralysis severity and user feedback by modifying arch thickness. Tested in outpatient therapy with one severe stroke patient, the splint was independently donned and used. After four weeks, no significant finger function improvement was observed, but flexion contractures were prevented.
Conclusion
A 3DS was developed to enable OBI for severe stroke patients. The design avoided interference with object manipulation, a key OBI requirement. Findings suggested customizing splint strength based on user feedback and paralysis severity. Further research is needed to optimize splint design, task selection, and practice frequency for better outcomes.